{"id":15842,"date":"2026-11-04T11:55:50","date_gmt":"2026-11-04T11:55:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alfatherm.com\/loin-u-mep-projektima\/"},"modified":"2026-11-04T13:11:27","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T13:11:27","slug":"loin-in-mep-projecets","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alfatherm.com\/en\/loin-in-mep-projecets\/","title":{"rendered":"Level of information need (LOIN) in MEP projects. Why is it realy important?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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In modern BIM-driven MEP projects, the value of a BIM model goes far beyond its three-dimensional geometry. BIM is not simply about creating a detailed 3D representation of a building or its technical systems. Its purpose is to structure and manage the information needed to design, coordinate, procure, construct, commission and ultimately operate an asset. This is why information and its timely exchange have become a critical part of the BIM process.<\/p>

Within the ISO 19650<\/a> framework, information requirements are defined through the wider information management process. One of the key elements is the Exchange Information Requirements (EIR), which define what information is required, when it is required, in what form it should be delivered and what it is intended to achieve. LOIN is therefore not something defined independently from the project’s information requirements. The Level of Information Need (LOIN) is derived from the specific needs of the project and establishes the appropriate level of geometric and information content required for a particular purpose and stage.<\/p><\/blockquote>

The EIR can define which parameters an element must contain, how those parameters should be named and structured, what level of geometry is required, what documentation must be provided and what the project intends to achieve with that information.<\/p>

In practical terms, LOIN covers two closely connected aspects: LOG \u2013 Level of Graphics, defining the required level of geometric representation, and LOI \u2013 Level of Information, defining the required level and content of non-geometric information. The question is therefore not simply \u201cHow detailed should the model be?\u201d<\/em>, but rather: \u201cWhat information is needed, why is it needed, and when will it be needed?\u201d<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Why LOIN in MEP is important?<\/strong><\/h3>

MEP coordination<\/a> is often associated primarily with spatial coordination and clash detection. However, a system can be geometrically correct and still be technically wrong. A duct may fit perfectly within the available space, but if the airflow requirement is incorrect, the system will not perform as intended. A pump may be correctly positioned while its duty point does not meet the design requirements. An electrical panel may fit within its allocated space while its load, connections or technical data remain undefined.<\/p>

Effective MEP coordination<\/a> therefore needs to consider not only where a system is located, but also what it needs to do and what information is required for the next project decision. Depending on the project stage, this may include equipment dimensions and connection points, airflow and pressure, electrical loads, capacities, manufacturer and model information, asset identification, maintenance data, O&M documentation and commissioning records.<\/p><\/blockquote>

The key principle is simple: the goal is not to have more information. The goal is to have the right information, at the right time and for the right purpose.<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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EIR, project stages and information requirements<\/strong><\/h3>

A key principle of the ISO 19650 approach is that information requirements are established as part of project setup and delivery planning. As part of defining the project’s key processes and quality framework, where ISO 19650<\/a> is integrated into the wider project management approach, the EIR defines what the project expects from its information exchanges. This can include requirements for geometry, technical parameters, naming and classification, data structure, documentation, delivery formats and intended information use.<\/p>

LOIN should therefore not be treated as an isolated modelling decision. For example, an EIR may require specific dimensions and connection points for mechanical equipment to support coordination, technical parameters for design verification, manufacturer and model information for procurement, and asset-related data required for handover.<\/p>

It is also important to recognise that information requirements are not the same throughout the entire project. Each project stage has different objectives and therefore different information needs.<\/p><\/blockquote>

One stage may focus on design and coordination, while later requirements may focus on procurement, prefabrication, construction, commissioning or handover. This approach prevents information from being requested too early while ensuring that critical data is available when it is actually needed.<\/p>

From design to procurement and fabrication<\/strong><\/h3>

Information needs change as a project progresses. Consider an air handling unit. During design and coordination, the main requirements may be overall dimensions, connection points, service clearances and the geometry needed for coordination with other systems. At the procurement stage, airflow, pressure, cooling and heating capacity, electrical load, manufacturer and model become critical.<\/p>

During prefabrication and installation, verified dimensions, connection locations and other production-related information become increasingly important. At handover, the focus shifts towards asset identification, serial number, manufacturer, warranty, maintenance requirements, O&M documentation and commissioning records.<\/p>

The equipment has not been changed. The information need has been changed.<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>

This becomes particularly important for projects involving prefabrication, modular plantrooms and off-site manufacturing. Fabrication depends on accurate and verified information. If crucial parameters are missing or they are incorrectly named or inconsistent, the consequences can quickly lead to RFIs, redesign, fabrication changes, site issues and additional cost. Clearly defined EIR and appropriate LOIN help reduce these risks by making expectations clear to designers, contractors, suppliers and manufacturers.<\/p>

More information does not mean better information<\/strong><\/h3>

One of the most common misconceptions in BIM is that a model becomes better as more parameters are added.<\/p>

In reality, unnecessary information can increase modelling effort, create inconsistencies and make quality control more difficult. Redundant or poorly structured data can be just as problematic as missing information.<\/p>

The objective should therefore not be to create as much information as possible, but to bring information that has a clear purpose and supports a defined project requirement. Information requirements should consequently be aligned with the wider information management strategy, including the EIR, Project Information Requirements (PIR), procurement, commissioning and facility management requirements.<\/p><\/blockquote>

Another important principle of ISO 19650<\/a> is the distinction between the Project Information Model (PIM) and the Asset Information Model (AIM). The PIM supports project delivery and contains the information required during design, coordination, procurement, construction and other activities related to delivering the project.<\/p>

The AIM, on the other hand, supports the operational phase of the asset and provides the owner and facility management team with the information required to operate and maintain the completed asset.<\/p>

This distinction is particularly important for MEP systems. The information needed to coordinate and install a chiller is not necessarily the same information required to maintain it in the next 15 or 20 years. During project delivery, the focus may be on dimensions, connections, design parameters and installation requirements.<\/p>

During operation, the focus may shift towards asset identification, serial numbers, warranties, maintenance schedules, spare parts, service information and O&M documentation. Defining these requirements early allows information to be captured progressively rather than to be reconstructed at the end of the project.<\/p>

COBie and structured asset information<\/strong><\/h3>

For digital handover, the structure of information is particularly important. COBie (Construction-Operations Building information exchange) provides a structured approach to exchanging information about a building and its assets, particularly for operational and facility management purposes. COBie can structure information about spaces, systems, equipment and components, together with related information such as manufacturers, contacts, warranties and maintenance data.<\/p>

It is important to note that COBie is not simply a list of additional parameters to be filled into a BIM model. It is a structured information exchange approach, and the required data should be driven by the project’s information requirements and intention of operational use. When COBie requirements are defined early, the required asset information can be captured and verified throughout the project.<\/p>

How do we approach LOIN at Alfa Therm<\/strong><\/h3>

At Alfa Therm, we believe that information requirements should be defined before they are needed, rather than when a problem has already appeared. As part of project setup, and in line with our quality processes and the principles of ISO 19650, we define the project’s key information processes and requirements.<\/p>

The EIR plays a central role in this process. Through the EIR, we define what parameters need to be delivered, what geometry is required, how parameters should be named and structured, what documentation is required, in which format information should be delivered and what the project intends to achieve with that information. Based on these requirements, the appropriate Level of Information Need is established for each relevant stage and purpose.<\/p>

Because project needs change over time, information requirements must also be adapted to individual project stages. What is required for design and coordination is not necessarily the same as what is required for procurement, prefabrication, commissioning or final handover.<\/p>

This proactive approach helps avoid situations where crucial information is requested only after procurement has started, fabrication is underway or coordination issues have already affected the project.<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>

When requirements are defined early, all parties have a clearer understanding of what need to be delivered, when it needs to be delivered and who is responsible for it. This creates a more predictable workflow and reduces unnecessary rework, assumptions and information gaps.<\/p>

For us, LOIN is therefore not something added when a problem occurs. It is the result of properly defined information requirements from the beginning of the project.<\/p>

From BIM model to operational asset<\/strong><\/h3>

The value of structured information does not end with construction. A successful digital handover should provide the owner and facility management team with reliable information about installed assets. Depending on the project requirements, this may include asset identification, manufacturer data, serial numbers, maintenance requirements, warranties, O&M documentation and commissioning records.<\/p><\/blockquote>

When these requirements are defined early, information created during design and construction can be transferred more effectively into the operational phase. The goal is not simply to hand over a highly detailed BIM model, but to provide reliable, structured and usable information that enables the owner to operate and maintain the asset effectively.<\/p>

For technically demanding environments such as hospitals, data centres and pharmaceutical facilities, this distinction is particularly important. In these projects, information accuracy can be just as critical as the physical quality of the installation.<\/p>

LOIN as part of better MEP delivery<\/strong><\/h3>

LOIN is ultimately not just a modelling decision. It is part of a broader information management process. The process starts with understanding what information the project needs and why. The EIR translates these needs into clear information exchange requirements, while LOIN establishes the appropriate level of geometric and non-geometric information for a particular stage and purpose.<\/p>

When properly implemented, this approach supports better coordination, more predictable procurement, more efficient fabrication, smoother commissioning and a more reliable digital handover.<\/p><\/blockquote>

For Alfa Therm, this reflects a broader approach to BIM and MEP delivery: the model should not simply represent what is being built. It should contain the information required for design, coordination, procurement, fabrication, installation, commission and operation.<\/p>

The goal is not to create more information in modern construction.<\/strong><\/p>

The goal is to create the right information exactly when it is needed.<\/strong><\/p>

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What is LOIN and why does it matter in MEP projects? Learn how clearly defined information in BIM supports coordination, procurement and maintenance.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":15843,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[66],"tags":[146,125,670,671,186,672],"class_list":["post-15842","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-alfatherm-en","tag-bim-en","tag-digialconstruction","tag-informationmanagement","tag-mep","tag-mepcoordination"],"yoast_head":"\nLevel of information need (LOIN) in MEP projects. 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